从散焦中获取光谱：基于色差焦栈的快速光谱成像
Spectrum from Defocus: Fast Spectral Imaging with Chromatic Focal Stack
把色差当作编码而非缺陷：用普通镜片的色散焦栈做光谱编码，再用快速物理迭代算法反解，为计算成像/光谱重建提供了一个光学极简、可解释的替代方案，可迁移到去模糊、深度-光谱联合估计等逆问题。
原文依据 a chromatic focal sweep method that achieves state-of-the-art hyperspectral imaging using only two off-the-shelf lenses
摘要译文
由模型翻译 · 术语统一 · 请对照原文核对关键结论高光谱相机依赖光谱滤光片、色散光学元件或编码孔径，这会降低光吞吐量并增加硬件复杂度。这些系统在本身光子匮乏的条件下，不得不在空间、光谱与时序分辨率之间做出严苛权衡。计算成像系统借助压缩感知突破了这些权衡，但通常需要复杂的光学和/或大量计算。我们提出从散焦中获取光谱（SfD），一种色差焦扫方法，仅使用两片现成镜片、一个灰度传感器以及不到一秒的重建时间，就实现了最优的高光谱成像。通过采集几乎保留全部入射光的色差焦栈，并用快速的基于物理的迭代算法进行重建，SfD 能够输出清晰、准确的高光谱图像。光子效率、光学简洁性与物理可解释性的结合，使 SfD 成为快速、紧凑且可解释的高光谱成像的一种有前景的解决方案。
英文原文摘要 1056 字符
Hyperspectral cameras rely on spectral filters, dispersive optics, or coded apertures, which reduce light throughput and increase hardware complexity. These systems face harsh trade-offs between spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution in inherently low-photon conditions. Computational imaging systems break through these trade-offs with compressive sensing, but have typically required complex optics and/or extensive computation. We present Spectrum from Defocus (SfD), a chromatic focal sweep method that achieves state-of-the-art hyperspectral imaging using only two off-the-shelf lenses, a grayscale sensor, and less than one second of reconstruction time. By capturing a chromatically-aberrated focal stack that preserves nearly all incident light, and reconstructing it with a fast physics-based iterative algorithm, SfD delivers sharp, accurate hyperspectral images. The combination of photon efficiency, optical simplicity, and physical interpretability makes SfD a promising solution for fast, compact, and interpretable hyperspectral imaging.